Agriculture and Golf Course Runoff

Submitted by ellen on

Agricultural and golf course runoff can introduce nutrients from fertilizers and chemicals such as pesticides and herbicides to coastal ecosystems. 

A proxy was produced by calculating the area of agricultural land and golf courses by watershed. Agricultural land area was extracted from 2010 high resolution land use land cover data, golf course area was updated through 2016 via google searches and digitization from Google Earth and ESRI World Imagery Basemap. As with urban runoff, we aggregated the area by watershed to coastal source pixels and used a Gaussian decay function to estimate dispersal offshore, approaching zero at 2 km from shore. Map units are presented as a normalized score from 0 - 1.
 

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Hawaii Land Based Pollution